WTF Fun Fact 13581 – Saguaro Cactus

In the American Southwest, the saguaro cactus stands tall. It’s not just a plant; it’s a symbol of survival, adaptation, and the wonders of the natural world.

The Growth of the Saguaro Cactus

Saguaros are the gentle giants of the desert landscape. When they start their journey as a seedling, it’s hard to imagine that they’d eventually dominate the skyline. But they do – given time. Lots of it. A saguaro can stick around for up to 200 years. It might take anywhere from 50 to 70 years for the cactus to sprout its first arm. To put that in perspective, its first arm might be a sight that only your grandchildren will witness.

You might think that in a place as dry as the desert, everything would be in a constant rush to get water. But not saguaros. They’ve cracked the code on how to thrive here. When the infrequent desert rain does come, the saguaro is all in.

With shallow but wide-spread roots, the trees gulp down as much water as they can. This stored water nourishes the cactus through the harsh, dry months, ensuring it not only survives but thrives.

More Than Just a Plant

The saguaro is a hub of activity. Birds like the Gila woodpecker carve out homes in its thick flesh, and when they move on, other creatures take up residence. And when the cactus produces its nutritious fruits, it’s a full-on feast for the desert animals. In their quest for this delicious treat, these animals also help spread saguaro seeds, ensuring the next generation takes root.

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Source: “Plant Fact Sheet: Saguaro Cactus” — Arizona Sonora Desert Museum

WTF Fun Fact 12771 – The Saraha Desert Forest Mystery

Ok, trigger warning: There’s a high chance of getting Toto’s “Africa” stuck in your head by reading this post. But, the truth is, there used to be plenty of rains down in Africa. Enough to have made the Saraha Desert a rainforest.

It’s not a huge shock, since we know the Earth has gone through different climatic periods, but this was one far more recent and accounts for a more radical change than scientists ever could have imagined. In other words, it really takes a lot to turn a vibrant forest into a bone-dry desert, and this happened a mere 6000ish years ago! It’s pretty interesting.

How did the Sahara go from forest to desert?

So, what’s the deal here? Well, since we don’t have a time machine, we can’t know for certain. It could have to do with the tilt of the Earth’s orbital axis changing, it could also be part of a longer, larger pattern of transition.

African Humid Periods in the distant past meant….you guessed it…more rains down in Africa. In particular, northern Africa (which is where the Sahara is, in case you don’t have a map handy). But at some point, those rains went away.

As Smithsonian Magazine (cited below) explains:

“With more rain, the region gets more greenery and rivers and lakes. All this has been known for decades. But between 8,000 and 4,500 years ago, something strange happened: The transition from humid to dry happened far more rapidly in some areas than could be explained by the orbital precession alone, resulting in the Sahara Desert as we know it today.”

Cool use of archaeological data

We can see from archaeological data (which is not perfect, but is overwhelmingly in favor of showing past water and trees in certain areas) that the area was once forest, and even rainforest. But what’s also interesting – and seals the deal for most people – is that in this period there is also evidence of pastoralists. That means people were raising and herding animals. And you definitely can’t do that in a desert.

Are humans to blame?

If it wasn’t solely an axial issue (regarding the Earth’s tilt), some scientists believe that humans could have played a big role in changing the climate due to overgrazing.

There have been suggestions that the end of the humid period in northern Africa could have been brought about by humans letting domesticated animals eat up all the moisture-loving plants. They would have probably had to use fire as a land management tool as well. And that may have been enough to trigger the big change that turned the forest into a desert.

It’s not that easy, of course, but that’s the general idea. There are also hypotheses that humans had nothing at all to do with it. And neither one of those would be related to whether or not humans are affecting the climate currently, so it’s not a political discussion (thankfully).  WTF fun facts

Source: “What Really Turned the Sahara Desert From a Green Oasis Into a Wasteland?” — Smithsonian Magazine

WTF Fun Fact #12391 – A Desert Marathon Disaster

A 39-year-old former Italian police officer Mauro Prosperi decided to run in the 1994 Marathon des Sables. The 6-day race requires a 155-mile run through the Sahara Desert, but the former Olympic pentathlete felt up to the challenge.

However, a sandstorm hit the runners, and Prosperi got lost in the desert for 10 days. He survived by eating small animals such as lizards, drinking bat blood and his own urine, and covering himself in the sand at night to stay warm.

Fearing he would be declared missing and his wife wouldn’t be able to claim his life insurance for 10 years unless his body was found, he tried to cut his wrists. However, he was so dehydrated that his blood clotted immediately and he lived.

Telling his story to BBC News in 2014, he said: “My wife, Cinzia, thought I was insane – the race is so risky that you have to sign a form to say where you want your body to be sent in case you die. We had three children under the age of eight, so she was worried. I tried to reassure her. “The worst that can happen is that I get a bit sunburned.”

The race has changed since the debacle.

“These days the Marathon des Sables is a very different experience, with up to 1,300 participants it’s like a giant snake – you couldn’t get lost if you tried. But back in 1994, there were only 80 of us, and very few who were actually running, so most of the time I was on my own,” Prosperi said.

– WTF Fun Facts

Source: How I drank urine and bat blood to survive — BBC News

The Sahara desert rocks

fun fact deserts are mostly rock

The Sahara desert is made of only 15% sand and sand dunes. Majority of the Sahara and other deserts is rock, rocky plateaus, and gravel covered plains. The sand is just a result of the wind eroding the rock. WTF Fun Facts

Source: https://www.livescience.com/23140-sahara-desert.html