WTF Fun Fact 13514 – Cuddly Sharks Sleeping

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National Geographic gave us a unique look into the little-known habit of “cuddly” sharks sleeping together.

Of course, when one thinks of a shark, the image that often comes to mind is that of a fierce predator. The last thing you’d imagine is a creature with “cuddly sleep habits.” But what if the way sharks rest and sleep is more fascinating than you might believe?

Understanding Sharks Sleeping

Unlike humans, sharks don’t have eyelids, so it’s challenging to determine when they’re asleep or awake by merely observing them. However, that doesn’t mean they’re always on the prowl. Sharks have periods of rest and activity, but their “sleep” is different from what we typically understand.

Most sharks need to keep moving to breathe. Water flows over their gills, providing them with the necessary oxygen. This phenomenon might make it seem like sharks never rest, but that’s not entirely true.

Do Sharks Really Sleep?

The concept of sleep in sharks is intriguing. Some species have been observed to enter a state called “tonic immobility.” This natural state of paralysis, which can last for minutes, isn’t sleep in the traditional sense. Instead, it’s more of a trance-like state where the shark becomes incredibly still and can be handled without reacting. It’s not entirely understood why sharks enter this state, but it’s believed to be a defense mechanism.

While the idea of sharks being “cuddly” is a stretch, some species do exhibit social behaviors that might surprise you. For instance, the Spotted Wobbegong, a type of carpet shark, has been observed resting in groups, often piled atop one another, almost like a group cuddle!

While this behavior is more about conserving energy and space than seeking comfort, it’s an endearing sight that shatters many shark stereotypes.

Adaptable and Ever-Evolving

The world of sharks is vast, with over 400 species, each with its unique habits and idiosyncrasies. Some species have evolved specialized methods to rest while maintaining their oxygen flow. The Spiracle, an organ located just behind the eyes of some sharks, allows them to draw water while being stationary. This adaptation enables species like the Whitetip reef shark to lie on the ocean floor and rest without constantly swimming.

While “cuddly” might be a whimsical way to describe the rest habits of sharks, there’s no doubt that these majestic creatures of the deep have a side to them that’s less understood and more fascinating than their fearsome reputation suggests.

—WTF fun facts

Source: “Rare Footage Shows the Cuddly Sleeping Habits of Sharks” — Mental Floss

WTF Fun Fact 13513 – Apple Mouse Prototype

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Innovation often comes from the most unexpected places–like a roll-on deodorant. Believe it or nor, the first Apple mouse prototype involved a deodorant ball.

Setting the Scene

The early 1980s was a transformative era for personal computing. The market was teeming with potential, and Steve Jobs, Apple’s visionary co-founder, recognized the importance of a user-friendly interface.

While visiting Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), Jobs was introduced to the concept of a graphical user interface and a device to navigate it: the mouse.

Enchanted by its potential, Jobs sought to integrate this technology into Apple’s computers. However, the existing design was clunky, costly, and far from the elegant solution Apple desired.

Birth of the Apple Mouse

Jobs handed the task of redesigning the mouse to Dean Hovey, a co-founder of the design firm IDEO. The challenge was clear: create a more efficient, durable, and above all, affordable mouse for the masses.

Hovey, in his endeavor to revolutionize the mouse’s design, found inspiration in an unlikely source: a deodorant stick. By taking apart a roll-on deodorant, Hovey observed that the ball could roll smoothly in any direction. This ball mechanism, he realized, could be the solution to creating a mouse that was both precise and cost-effective.

From Prototype to Product

Utilizing the deodorant ball, the team developed a prototype that was simpler and more efficient than its predecessors. It was an embodiment of Apple’s design philosophy — taking complex ideas and making them accessible and intuitive for the user.

But why was the deodorant ball so transformative? The key lay in its omnidirectional capability. Previous mouse designs often used wheels, limiting movement to two axes: horizontal and vertical.

The deodorant ball’s ability to roll freely in all directions allowed for more fluid and accurate on-screen movements, a feature that would become fundamental to the mouse’s operation.

Impact of the Apple Mouse

The Apple mouse, with its deodorant-inspired design, debuted in 1983 with the Apple Lisa computer, and a year later, with the iconic Apple Macintosh. Its release marked a paradigm shift in human-computer interaction, paving the way for the mouse to become an essential accessory for personal computers worldwide.

Though the internal mechanics of mice have evolved over the years, with laser and optical technologies replacing the ball mechanism, the foundational concept remains largely unchanged. The success of the Apple mouse laid the groundwork for future innovations in interface devices, from trackpads to touch screens.

Today, as we swipe, tap, and click our way through digital landscapes, it’s worth reflecting on the humble origins of the tools we often take for granted. The next time you roll on your deodorant, remember: it’s not just a daily ritual but a nod to a piece of technological history that helped shape the digital age.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “How the Guy Who Designed 1 of Apple’s Most Iconic Products Organizes His Office” — Inc.

WTF Fun Fact 13512 – Japan Found 7000 New Islands

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When it comes to counting, it’s easy to imagine we have it all figured out, but Japan found 7000 new islands recently.

In 1987, a Japan Coast Guard report noted the archipelago had 6,852 islands. But the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) has recently identified a staggering 7,273 additional islands!

Japan Found 7000 New Islands with Geospatial Technology

How did this happen? One could easily jump to the conclusion of tectonic activities or rising sea levels. But the primary reason behind the updated count can be attributed to technological advancements.

Since the 1987 report, geospatial technology has undergone significant evolution. Now mappers can distinguish between small clusters of islands that were earlier misidentified as single landmasses.

Nature, too, has played a significant role in reshaping Japan’s topography. The nation’s landscape is in perpetual flux, molded by natural disasters and extreme weather conditions. For instance, Esanbe Hanakita Kojima, an islet that was approximately four-and-a-half feet above sea level, vanished, succumbing to wind and ice erosion.

But nature isn’t just taking away; it’s also giving. In 2015, a massive landslide caused a 984-foot strip of land to annex itself to Hokkaido, Japan’s second-largest island. In 2021, an underwater volcanic eruption 750 miles south of Tokyo birthed a crescent-shaped island.

It’s worth noting, though, that such volcanic-born islands tend to be ephemeral, often disintegrating due to erosion, as history indicates with similar formations in 1904, 1914, and 1986.

The Changing Definition of an Island

Interestingly, the way we define an “island” has also evolved over the years. Back in 1987, sandbanks and islands nestled in lakes and rivers weren’t recognized as islands, primarily due to the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea’s criteria.

Today, the narrative is different. The convention now acknowledges any “naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is above water at high tide” as an island.

While the numbers are captivating, the real charm lies in the individual identity and character of these islands. Japan’s four primary islands are Honshu, home to iconic cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka; Hokkaido, renowned for its national parks; Shikoku; and Kyushu. Interspersed among these are gems like Naoshima, celebrated as the “art island” for its modern and contemporary art museums, and Ōkunoshima, lovingly referred to as Usagi Jima or “rabbit island” due to the hundreds of wild rabbits that freely wander its landscapes.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “Japan Just Discovered More Than 7,000 Islands It Didn’t Know Existed” — Travel & Leisure

WTF Fun Fact 13511 – The Icelandic Alfhol

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In the enchanting landscapes of Iceland, you might stumble upon a tiny, intricately designed house called an Alfhol.

Alfhóls are built specially for the huldufólk, or hidden folk, of Icelandic folklore. Many Icelanders still hold a genuine belief in these elves and construct these homes as a gesture of goodwill, ensuring harmony between the human and the mystical realms.

The Icelandic Alfhol and it’s Inhabitants

One of the most captivating aspects of Icelandic culture is the belief in the hidden folk, or the huldufólk. These are not just tales for children; many Icelanders hold a genuine belief in these invisible entities, often associated with elves.

Some Icelanders believe that these beings, often invisible to human eyes, lead lives parallel to ours, having families, tending to livestock, and even attending church. And just as humans need shelter, so too do these hidden folk.

An Alfhol is a miniature house, often intricately designed to resemble traditional Icelandic homes. Constructing an Alfhól is a gesture of goodwill. Disturbing rocks and hills, believed to be the residences of these beings, is thought to bring misfortune. By building them a dedicated house, Icelanders hope to maintain harmony with their unseen neighbors.

While some Alfhóls are simple stone structures, others can be quite elaborate, replicating churches, homes with turf roofs, or even modern-day constructions. Attention to detail is evident in many of these tiny abodes, complete with doors, windows, and external decorations.

The Alfhol in Icelandic Culture

The belief in huldufólk is deeply entrenched in Icelandic culture. This is not a relic of the past; these traditions are very much alive today.

There have been instances where road construction projects in Iceland were altered or postponed due to concerns about disturbing the habitats of the hidden folk. In some cases, locals have even sought the help of mediums to communicate with the elves and seek their approval before proceeding with construction.

Iceland has festivals where the huldufólk are central figures. During these events, Alfhóls might receive gifts or offerings, symbolizing the harmonious relationship between humans and the hidden folk.

Why the Deep-rooted Belief?

One might wonder why, in a country as modern as Iceland, such a belief persists. There’s no singular answer, but a combination of factors contribute:

The rugged landscapes of Iceland have shaped its inhabitants. Respect for nature, and the mysteries it holds, is a cornerstone of Icelandic culture. The belief in huldufólk is an extension of this respect.

Stories of elves and hidden folk have been passed down through generations. These tales are a part of Iceland’s rich oral tradition, giving them a life of their own.

Whether one believes in the huldufólk or not, the Alfhóls stand as symbols of Iceland’s cultural identity. They represent a bridge between the ancient and the modern, the seen and the unseen.

—WTF fun facts

Source: “Elves are so real in Iceland they even have their own homes” — Earthly Mission

WTF Fun Fact 13510 – Stephen Hawking’s Wheelchair

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Stephen Hawking’s wheelchair was auctioned off for a staggering $387,000 in 2018.

In addition to his groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of the universe, Hawking’s name evokes an image of a man in a wheelchair, speaking through a voice synthesizer—a testament to his fierce determination and willpower in the face of a debilitating motor neuron disease.

Stephen Hawking and His Legacy

Before diving into the story of the iconic wheelchair, it’s essential to grasp the breadth of Hawking’s influence. Born in 1942, he made substantial contributions to cosmology, particularly in black hole dynamics and the nature of the universe.

His best-selling book, A Brief History of Time, made intricate cosmological concepts accessible to the general public, ensuring his place not just within the scientific community but also in popular culture.

Hawking’s motor neuron disease diagnosis at the age of 21 was a life-altering moment. Doctors predicted a short lifespan, but he surpassed all expectations by living till the age of 76.

As the disease progressed, mobility became a challenge, and the wheelchair became an integral part of his life. It wasn’t just a tool for movement; it became synonymous with his identity, symbolizing his resilience and the human spirit’s triumph over adversity.

Auctioning Stephen Hawking’s Wheelchair

In 2018, Christie’s auction house in London announced “On the Shoulders of Giants,” an auction featuring items belonging to several renowned scientists, including Hawking. The most poignant item was undoubtedly Hawking’s wheelchair, a piece of modern history.

The wheelchair, used by Hawking in the late 1980s and early 1990s, garnered significant attention. While it was an older model and not the high-tech version he used later in life, its historical and symbolic value was immense. The mere fact that such a personal item from a living legend was up for grabs drew significant global attention.

Hawking’s decision to auction his wheelchair was rooted in his commitment to giving back to the community. The proceeds from the sale were designated for two charitable causes close to his heart: The Stephen Hawking Foundation, which supports neurological research and promotes science education, and the Motor Neurone Disease Association, dedicated to supporting individuals like Hawking who face the challenges of this condition.

Bidding on History

The auction saw fervent bidding, with the wheelchair eventually selling for approximately $387,000 – a figure far surpassing initial estimates. The winning bid was not just for a mobility device but a piece of history. The buyer, whose identity remained anonymous, now owned a symbol of determination, brilliance, and the indomitable human spirit.

—WTF fun facts

Source: “Stephen Hawking’s Wheelchair and Thesis Fetch More Than $1 Million at Auction” — The New York Times

WTF Fun Fact 13509 – Wineries in Slovenia

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Did you know there are a ton of wineries in Slovenia? It’s not thought of as a typical wine region, but this small European country takes its wine seriously. Very seriously.

Nestled between Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Croatia, Slovenia might be modest in size, but its gigantic in its passion for winemaking. With approximately 28,000 wineries scattered across its picturesque landscapes, there’s a winery for every 75 people in the country.

Historical Roots of Slovenian Winemaking

The tradition of winemaking in Slovenia runs deep. Archaeological findings suggest that viticulture existed in this region as far back as the Celtic and Illyrian tribes, long before the Romans introduced their winemaking techniques.

The country’s favorable Mediterranean and Alpine climates, combined with its diverse terrain, provided the ideal conditions for cultivating various grape varieties.

Its wine regions are strikingly diverse, each imparting its own unique character to the wines produced:

  1. Primorska: Primorska is adjacent to Italy’s Friuli region, and is influenced by the warm Mediterranean climate. We know this region for its full-bodied reds and aromatic whites.
  2. Podravje: Situated in the northeast, this region produces primarily white wines, often with a characteristic minerality thanks to its hilly terrain.
  3. Posavje: Located in the country’s southeast, it’s known for its traditional method of winemaking, producing lighter, fresh wines.

The Unique Wine Offerings of Wineries in Slovenia

Slovenia’s winemaking isn’t just about volume; it’s about offering unique experiences. Many Slovenian wineries use traditional methods. Winemakers may ferment the wine in large egg-shaped containers buried underground or aged in oak barrels.

The nation also prides itself on its orange wines. These are white wines made by leaving the grape skins and seeds in contact with the juice, giving them their distinctive color.

Beyond traditional techniques, Slovenian winemakers are at the forefront of the organic and biodynamic winemaking movements. Many vineyards avoid synthetic chemicals, aiming to produce wines in the most natural way possible.

Wine enthusiasts laud Slovenian wines for their authentic taste and eco-friendly production methods.

The Experience of Slovenia’s Wineries

It’s not only the wines themselves that captivate visitors but the entire wine-tasting experience. Many Slovenian wineries are family-run, offering intimate tours where guests can immerse themselves in the entire winemaking process, from grape harvesting to the fermentation process, all while soaking in breathtaking views of rolling vineyards. As a result, these experiences often culminate in rustic cellars. Here, visitors can sample wines paired with local delicacies, making the entire journey memorable.

With one winery for every 75 people, it’s evident that winemaking isn’t just a hobby in Slovenia; it’s a way of life. The sheer number of wineries signifies the industry’s significance to Slovenia’s economy and cultural identity. Locals cherish their wine heritage, and annual wine festivals are a testament to this, celebrating the country’s viticultural accomplishments.

—WTF fun facts

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WTF Fun Fact 13508 – Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum

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If you know a kid obsessed with dinosaurs, you may have heard of Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum. If not, you should let that kid know about this creature immediately because it’s pretty cool.

The Discovery and Classification of Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum

When we think of the most impressive creatures that ever roamed the Earth, our minds often dart to the giants of the Mesozoic Era – the mighty dinosaurs. Among these behemoths, one dinosaur stands out for the astounding length of just one part of its anatomy: its neck.

Meet the Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum, a species of dinosaur that boasted a neck almost 50 feet long. That’s a neck six times longer than that of today’s tallest land animal, the giraffe!

Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum belongs to a group of dinosaurs called the sauropods. They are recognized by their long necks, long tails, and massive bodies supported by four thick, pillar-like legs. Although several sauropods had impressively long necks, the Mamenchisaurus goes well beyond the rest!

The species was unearthed in China and was a significant find for paleontologists. These findings provided more information about the diverse world of sauropods and the different evolutionary paths they might have taken.

A Neck to Marvel At

At nearly 50 feet long, the neck of Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum was a true wonder of nature. To put it into perspective, that’s longer than a school bus and almost as long as a bowling lane! But what evolutionary benefits did such a lengthy neck provide?

Foraging Strategy
With such an extended reach, this dinosaur could access food sources that were out of reach for other herbivores. This reduced the competition for food. It also allowed the creature to graze over a larger area without having to move its massive body frequently.

Cooling Mechanism
Some theories suggest that a long neck could have served as a cooling mechanism. The large surface area could have helped dissipate heat. This may have been vital for such massive creatures that might have struggled to maintain an optimal body temperature.

Display and Mating
In the animal kingdom, impressive physical features often play a role in mating displays. Though speculative, it’s possible that longer necks might have been seen as more attractive or dominant. This would help individuals with longer necks secure a mate.

The Anatomy Behind the Length

The length and weight of such a neck would require robust support and respiratory systems. Vertebrae would have been elongated and possibly hollowed in sections to reduce weight. Air sacs might have been present to aid in breathing, similar to modern birds. The neck’s muscle and tendon structure would also need to be incredibly strong. But it would also have to be flexible to support and maneuver this impressive length.

Comparing Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum to the Modern Giraffe

Modern-day giraffe necks measure approximately 8 feet in length and pale in comparison to the neck of the Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum. However, both animals show that evolution can lead to some astounding anatomical features when they provide an advantage.

It’s intriguing to imagine how these two creatures, separated by millions of years, navigated their habitats with such long necks.

—WTF fun facts

Source: “This Dinosaur Had a 50-Foot-Long Neck, Scientists Say” — Smithsonian Magazine

WTF Fun Fact 13507 – Fifth Wheel for Parallel Parking

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Did you know cars almost had a fifth wheel for parallel parking? Why would something so useful fail to evolve into an everyday feature? Have you seen people parallel park?! They need all the help they can get.

The Story of the Fifth Wheel for Parallel Parking

Now, for anyone who’s ever lived in a bustling city or tried to find a parking spot along a crowded street, the challenges of parallel parking are all too familiar. The maneuver requires precise calculation, impeccable timing, and a well-practiced technique, especially when the available space is barely larger than the car itself.

In the early 20th century, as automobiles increasingly filled the streets, the need for an efficient parking solution became evident. The “fifth wheel” seemed poised to transform parallel parking forever.

Patented in the 1930s, the idea was surprisingly simple: it was a perpendicular wheel could be deployed from the rear of the car, lifting the back tires slightly off the ground.

This fifth wheel, positioned at a right angle to the car’s other wheels, would then allow the vehicle to move laterally, making the parallel parking process straightforward and stress-free. With this invention, drivers wouldn’t need to anxiously navigate their vehicle back and forth to fit into tight spaces; the fifth wheel would do the work for them.

So, Why Didn’t the Fifth Wheel Take Off?

With all these apparent advantages, it’s perplexing that the fifth wheel didn’t become a standard feature in automobiles. But there were several reasons that contributed to its decline (though none of them seem good enough).

  1. Integrating a fifth wheel system into vehicles would complicate the car’s design, leading to higher production costs. Consumers might have been hesitant to pay extra for this feature.
  2. An additional wheel means more parts that could malfunction or require upkeep, potentially deterring consumers and manufacturers alike.
  3. As cities grew, multi-story parking garages and lots started to become more commonplace, reducing the emphasis on street parking.
  4. Over the decades, other innovations like power steering, parking sensors, and rearview cameras emerged, making the parallel parking process more manageable.

A Symbol of Automotive Curiosity

The “fifth wheel” is a reminder that even the most creative solutions sometimes don’t find their place in the mainstream. Even when they might lead to less road rage.

Future self-parking cars and advancements in AI-driven vehicle technologies may make the challenges of parallel parking seem almost quaint. But that’s the future, and this is now. And we still see people struggling to parallel park and holding up traffic in the meantime! So maybe someone should see if that patent has expired and make another run at it!

— WTF fun facts

Source: “The ingenious “fifth wheel” parallel parking tool that never hit it big” — Hagerty Media

WTF Fun Fact 13506 – Human Hair Can Hold Two Elephants

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When considered collectively (by the head), human hair can hold two elephants! That’s right, it can support the weight of two giant creatures.

Let’s explain.

The Anatomy of a Hair Strand

To truly grasp the astonishing strength of human hair, we must first delve into its structure. Each strand is composed of keratin, a type of protein. This protein is arranged in coiled coils, a configuration that provides both flexibility and strength to the hair.

The innermost layer, known as the medulla, is surrounded by the cortex, which in turn is encased by the outermost layer, the cuticle. Each of these layers contributes to the hair’s overall resilience.

One individual hair strand, despite its tensile strength, is unlikely to impress anyone with its ability to support weight. However, the collective strength of hair is where the true marvel lies.

The average human head has approximately 100,000 to 150,000 hair strands. When working in tandem, these hairs can exhibit strength that belies their delicate appearance.

Why Human Hair Can Hold Two Elephants

So, how do we arrive at the claim that human hair can hold two elephants? Let’s break it down:

  • An average strand of hair can support about 100 grams in weight. This might not seem like much, but when multiplied by the average number of hairs on a human head (let’s take the midpoint of 125,000 strands), we get a total weight of approximately 12.5 tons.
  • An average adult elephant weighs about 6 tons. So, theoretically, the combined strength of the hair on a human head could support two elephants, amounting to 12 tons!

The capacity of hair to support immense weight is just one facet of its remarkable nature. Hair can stretch up to 30% of its original length without breaking when wet. This elasticity is yet another testament to its durability.

But beyond its tensile strength and elasticity, hair also serves as an indicator of our health, reacts to emotional stimuli (like standing on end when we’re frightened), and plays a vital role in regulating body temperature.

—WTF fun facts

Source: “Secrets of human hair unlocked at Natural History Museum in London” — The Guardian