wtf fun fact

WTF Fun Fact 13384 – Centralia Mine Fire

In Pennsylvania, a fire has been burning underground since May 1962. This coal-seam fire, known as the Centralia mine fire, has defied all attempts to extinguish it and continues to smolder to this day.

The origins of the Centralia mine fire

The exact cause and start date of the Centralia mine fire remains a matter of debate. Some suggest that it was ignited deliberately on May 27, 1962. That’s when the town council set a fire to clean up the landfill in an abandoned strip mine. However, others argue that the fire had already been burning before that fateful day. They think it may have originated from the Bast Colliery coal fire of 1932.

Regardless of its precise origin, the fire quickly spread into the labyrinth of abandoned coal mines beneath Centralia. This helped perpetuate its unstoppable grip on the town.

The extent of the destruction

The Centralia mine fire is estimated to have the potential to burn for more than 250 years. It stretches over an area of 3,700 acres and reaches depths of up to 300 feet. This is a result of the abundance of coal and network of underground tunnels providing a fuel source.

Efforts to extinguish the fire have been futile, with multiple excavation projects failing to snuff out the flames.

The impact of the Centralia mine fire on the town and its residents has been catastrophic. Over time, the hazardous levels of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and low oxygen levels caused health concerns, leading to the evacuation and relocation of most residents.

By 2017, the population dwindled to just five residents. That’s a stark contrast to the 1,500 inhabitants at the time the fire began. Abandoned buildings, crumbling infrastructure, and eerie streets shrouded in smoke have transformed Centralia into an unlikely tourist attraction.

The ongoing legacy of the fire

As the fire persisted, legal battles and controversies emerged. In 1992, Pennsylvania Governor Bob Casey invoked eminent domain, condemning all the buildings in Centralia. The government offered the residents buyouts, and most accepted, leaving only a handful determined to remain in their homes.

Despite appeals, the remaining residents were eventually ordered to leave. However, the town reached an agreement in 2013 to allow some holdouts live out their lives before the properties would be taken through eminent domain.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “This Mine Fire Has Been Burning For Over 50 Years” — History Channel

WTF Fun Fact 13383 – The Longest Sneezing Fit

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, “The longest sneezing fit ever recorded is that of Donna Griffiths (UK, b. 1969) who started sneezing on 13 January 1981 and surpassed the previous duration record of 194 days on 26 July 1981. She sneezed an estimated million times in the first 365 days and achieved her first sneeze-free day on 16 September 1983 – the 977th day.”

The longest sneezing fit in the world

Donna Griffiths holds the record for the longest sneezing fit ever recorded. Her ordeal began on January 13, 1981, and continued until September 16, 1983.

The uncontrollable sneezing started when Donna was just 12 years old. Initially, it began with an isolated sneeze, but soon escalated into an unending series of sneezes that persisted day and night. Doctors diagnosed her with “hay fever,” or allergic rhinitis. They hypothesized that it was triggered by an allergic reaction to environmental factors such as dust, pollen, or pet dander.

Throughout her marathon sneezing fit, Donna’s life was severely impacted. She found it challenging to carry out even the simplest daily tasks. The constant sneezing disrupted her sleep, hindered her ability to eat, and made it nearly impossible to concentrate. The physical strain on her body was immense, resulting in extreme exhaustion and weight loss.

The quest for a cure

Seeking relief, Donna consulted numerous medical professionals who struggled to find a solution. Doctors attempted to use antihistamines, steroids, and other allergy medications. But unfortunately, none provided any lasting respite. Specialists were baffled by the persistence of her condition and the lack of response to conventional treatments.

As news of Donna’s extraordinary sneezing fit spread, her case drew attention from the media and medical community alike. Reporters followed her story closely, documenting her struggles and attempts to find a cure. Her condition became a medical curiosity, and experts across the globe weighed in on potential causes and treatments for her unique case.

The end of the ordeal

Eventually, after enduring nearly three years of relentless sneezing, Donna’s condition began to subside. The sneezing fits gradually became less frequent and less intense until they eventually ceased altogether. The relief she experienced was indescribable, bringing an end to her remarkable and exhausting ordeal.

Donna’s case remains one of the most extraordinary medical mysteries in history. The exact reason behind her prolonged sneezing fit is still not fully understood, and her recovery has left doctors and researchers intrigued but perplexed. While her condition was undoubtedly a harrowing experience, Donna’s story serves as a testament to human resilience and the capacity to endure unimaginable challenges.

Today, Donna Griffiths lives a relatively normal life, free from the constant sneezing that once plagued her existence. Her remarkable journey continues to fascinate and inspire, reminding us of the remarkable complexities of the human body and the enduring spirit of those who face extraordinary circumstances.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “Sneezing myths and facts” — BBC News

WTF Fun Fact 13382 – Herbs That Repel Insects

You might consider planting some herbs that repel insects if you’re trying to enjoy the great outdoors but are being chased back inside by pesky mosquitos or other flying pests. Of course, insects are an integral part of the food chain. But you can take steps to avoid being a mosquito (or other biting insects) buffet.

Natural repellants

Nature already has the tools to help you keep many bugs at bay. And while we all know it’s not going to be 100% effective or work immediately, some careful planning can help you create a relatively bug-free sanctuary zone. It can even give you some simultaneous culinary inspiration.

One of the advantages of using these natural insect-repelling plants is that they not only serve a functional purpose but also contribute to the overall aesthetics of your garden. Their foliage, flowers, and delightful scents are easily incorporated into existing flower beds, herb gardens, or even container gardens, providing both practicality and visual appeal.

Herbs that repel insects naturally

The first thing you might consider planting is basil. While we find its aroma delightful, it’s unappealing to insects like mosquitoes. The active compounds in basil, such as linalool and eugenol, act as natural repellents. No bug smooshing necessary!

Not a big basil fan? Well, lavender is another good choice. Its purple blooms and calming fragrance are loved by humans but disliked by mosquitoes, flies, and moths. Planting lavender around your garden borders or near seating areas can provide a fragrant barrier that keeps these unwanted visitors away. But just so you know, the flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. This makes it a double win for some people – unless you don’t like bees.

Finally, mint is a great choice as an insect repellant. Its strong scent, derived from menthol, is highly effective at repelling both mosquitoes and ants. Planting mint strategically around your garden or near outdoor seating areas can be a great bug barrier. However, it’s important to note that mint can be invasive, so you may want to contain it in pots or planters to prevent it from taking over your garden.

Nothing is perfect

Gardening with these insect-repelling plants offers an eco-friendly alternative to chemical insecticides. By opting for natural repellents, you avoid exposure to potentially harmful chemicals.

To make the most of these insect-repelling plants, consider their placement within your garden. Plant them strategically near entrances, seating areas, or any place where you want to deter insects. Harvesting their leaves and flowers can also release more of their repellent properties. Crush a few leaves of basil or mint and rub them on your skin as a natural insect repellent when spending time outdoors.

Of course, herbs that repel insects may not provide complete protection against all types of pests. Therefore, it’s advisable to employ additional measures such as wearing long sleeves, using mosquito nets, or employing non-toxic insect repellents when necessary.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “10 Insect-Repelling Plants That Are Known To Keep The Bugs Away” — Farmer’s Almanac

WTF Fun Fact 13381 – Ruby Slippers Theft

For those unaware, the ruby red slippers worn by Judy Garland in “The Wizard of Oz” were actually stolen in 2005. These iconic shoes, synonymous with the film’s magic and Dorothy’s journey, were on display at the Judy Garland Museum in Minnesota when they were taken. The ruby slippers theft garnered significant attention and led to a lengthy search for their whereabouts.

The conclusion of the ruby slippers theft saga

In 2023, a grand jury in North Dakota indicted a man on charges of stealing a pair of iconic ruby red slippers worn by Judy Garland in the 1939 film “The Wizard of Oz.”

The theft occurred in 2005, but the slippers were recovered in a 2018 FBI sting operation. However, no arrests were made at the time. Terry Martin, a 76-year-old resident living near the Judy Garland Museum in Minnesota, was indicted. He was charged with one count of theft of a major artwork.

The indictment did not provide further details about Martin. When approached by the press, Martin declined to comment, only stating, “I gotta go on trial. I don’t want to talk to you.”

Janie Heitz, the executive director of the museum, expressed surprise. The subject lived nearby, and yet none of the staff had ever seen him.

Multiple pairs

During the production of “The Wizard of Oz,” Garland wore several pairs of ruby slippers. However, only four authentic pairs are known to exist today. At the time of the theft, the slippers were insured for $1 million, but their current market value is estimated to be around $3.5 million, according to federal prosecutors.

The stolen slippers were on loan to the Judy Garland Museum in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, the late actor’s hometown, when they were taken. Prosecutors reported that someone climbed through a window and broke the display case to steal the slippers.

The recovery of the stolen slippers followed years of searching and enticing rewards. Early in the case, law enforcement offered a $250,000 reward, and in 2015, an anonymous donor from Arizona pledged $1 million.

In 2017, a man contacted the shoes’ insurer, claiming he could help retrieve them. After an almost year-long investigation, the FBI seized the slippers in Minneapolis in July 2018. At that time, the bureau stated that no arrests had been made or charges filed in connection with the case.

Getting caught

A summons has been issued for Terry Martin, and an initial court appearance is scheduled for June 1 via video. The U.S. Justice Department in North Dakota provided limited information beyond the details included in the indictment.

The ruby red slippers are famously linked to the iconic line in “The Wizard of Oz,” where Garland’s character, Dorothy, clicks her heels together while repeating the phrase, “There’s no place like home.” The slippers are made from various materials, including wood pulp, silk thread, gelatin, plastic, and glass. The ruby color predominantly comes from sequins, while the bows feature red glass beads.

The other three pairs of slippers worn by Garland in the film are held by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the Smithsonian, and a private collector.

Once the legal case concludes, the museum staff hopes that the slippers will return to Garland’s hometown, providing a fitting tribute to the legendary actress.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “Man indicted in theft of ‘Wizard of Oz’ ruby slippers worn by Judy Garland” — AP News

WTF Fun Fact 13380 – Extreme Ironing

We didn’t realize anyone enjoyed ironing enough to actually keep up with it much less make it a sport, but extreme ironing is a real thing.

What is extreme ironing?

Extreme ironing, also known as EI, is a unique and unconventional sport that combines the ordinary task of ironing clothes with the thrill of extreme activities. It involves individuals taking their ironing boards and irons to remote and unusual locations, adding an element of excitement to an otherwise mundane household chore.

The Extreme Ironing Bureau defines EI as “the latest danger sport that combines the thrills of an extreme outdoor activity with the satisfaction of a well-pressed shirt.”

The history of the “sport”

Originating in Leicester, England in 1997, extreme ironing was conceived by Phil Shaw, also known as “Steam,” as a way to infuse fun into his daily routine. The concept quickly gained popularity and evolved into a global phenomenon.

Participants, or “ironists,” perform this task in various settings, such as mountainsides, forests, canoes, while skiing or snowboarding, atop statues or buildings, underwater, and even in the midst of bustling streets. These performances can be done individually or in groups.

A spectator sport

While the sport may appear tongue-in-cheek to some, EI has gained attention from media outlets worldwide due to its intriguing combination of mundane and extreme elements. The sport challenges participants not only to showcase their ironing skills but also to possess the physical stamina and mental resilience necessary to navigate and conquer unexpected environments.

Safety is a crucial aspect of EI, as participants must take precautions while engaging in their ironing adventures. The sport requires careful navigation and coordination, especially in more hazardous locations. Ironists prioritize their safety while ensuring they can successfully complete the task in extreme conditions.

Ironing goes mainstream(ish)

The sport has gained significant attention through documentaries and media coverage. A documentary titled “Extreme Ironing: Pressing for Victory,” produced by Britain’s Channel 4, followed the British team’s journey and their participation in the first Extreme Ironing World Championships in Germany. This exposure propelled EI into the international spotlight, attracting more enthusiasts to join the sport.

Notable achievements in the sport include ironing the Union Jack flag just above Everest Base Camp, setting a world altitude record for the sport. Ironists have also ironed across gorges, participated in bungee ironing (combining bungee jumping with ironing), and even ironed underwater, breaking records for the number of people ironing simultaneously.

The influence of EI has extended beyond the sport itself, inspiring other unusual activities like extreme cello playing.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “Extreme Ironing: History, Types, Objective, & Equipment” — Sportsmatik

WTF Fun Fact 13379 – Benefits of Listening to Birds

In the quest for improved mental health, one often overlooks the simple pleasures of nature. But a recent study published in Scientific Reports revealed the benefits of listening to birds and the profound impact birds can have on our mental health and well-being.

The benefits of listening to birds

Birds offer a unique connection to the natural world, proving to be a source of solace and rejuvenation. Birdsongs possess a remarkable ability to transport us to serene natural environments, even when we reside in bustling urban landscapes.

Research conducted by the Max Planck Institute for Human Development found that listening to birdsongs, even through headphones, can alleviate negative emotions.

Interacting with birds on a regular basis has been strongly linked to better mental health. A study involving 1,300 participants, who documented their well-being multiple times a day using the Urban Mind smartphone app, revealed a significant positive association between seeing or hearing birds and improved mental well-being. Remarkably, these benefits persisted for hours after the encounter.

Even individuals diagnosed with depression displayed positive effects when exposed to birdsong and birdlife in their surroundings. This highlights the importance of preserving and protecting environments that sustain bird populations, as they can provide a natural remedy for mental health challenges.

No need for real birds

In a separate study, participants who listened to diverse birdsongs reported a decrease in depressive symptoms, anxiety, and paranoia. This effect was even observed with just two species of birdsongs, showcasing the potential of these therapeutic sounds.

In contrast, exposure to traffic noise had adverse effects on mental well-being. The study reinforces the significance of nature’s healing aspects and highlights the negative impact of urban environments on our psychological state.

Nature, including birdsong, has a profound effect on our mental well-being. The attention restoration theory suggests that spending time in nature improves concentration and reduces mental fatigue associated with urban stress.

Furthermore, researchers have linked spending time in green spaces to reduced stress, lower blood pressure, and lower cortisol levels. Engaging with nature also promotes physical activity, adding another layer of mental health benefits. Birdwatching, in particular, has been shown to enhance mental health, with individuals who savor the joy of each bird sighting reporting greater benefits.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “Why birds and their songs are good for our mental health” — Washington Post

WTF Fun Fact 13376 – Dawn Chorus

Even if you’ve never heard of the phenomenon known as the dawn chorus, you’ve likely heard the sound itself. As the sun rises in spring and summer, a symphony of sounds fills the air when birds engage in a vocal performance that serves various important purposes.

What is the bird’s dawn chorus?

The dawn chorus is a collective effort involving multiple bird species, each contributing its unique voice to the melodic tapestry. From the lilting trills of songbirds to the resonant calls of woodpeckers and the distinctive melodies of thrushes, the symphony represents a rich diversity of avian vocalizations. But they aren’t singing to us.

One of the primary functions of this natural symphony is territorial defense. Birds seize the opportunity to assert their ownership over specific territories. By filling the air with their songs, they establish clear acoustic boundaries that communicate to other birds that the area is already claimed. This territorial proclamation helps to minimize conflicts and maintain an orderly distribution of resources.

Another purpose of the dawn chorus is mate attraction. During the breeding season, male birds use their vocal prowess to woo potential mates. By singing prominently in the early morning hours, males not only showcase their physical fitness but also advertise their presence to females. The melodious performances serve as impressive displays of strength, stamina, and genetic quality, enticing potential partners and ensuring successful breeding opportunities.

Communicating through song

The dawn chorus also serves as a means of communication within bird communities. It allows individuals to stay in touch with their flock members, enhancing social cohesion and facilitating cooperative activities.

Birds utilize specific calls, songs, and vocalizations to convey messages about foraging locations, potential threats, and other important information. The intricate language of the dawn chorus helps birds maintain social bonds and promote the collective well-being of their group.

The composition and timing of the dawn chorus can vary significantly from region to region. Different bird species have their preferred time of day for vocalizing, resulting in a dynamic and ever-changing soundscape. In some areas, certain species may dominate the chorus, creating a distinct acoustic signature unique to the local ecosystem.

While the dawn chorus is most prominent during the breeding season, it can occur throughout the year, albeit with less intensity and diversity. Factors such as weather conditions, habitat characteristics, and the presence of migratory species can influence the overall dynamics of the chorus.

Scientists and bird enthusiasts continue to study the dawn chorus to unravel its secrets. By examining vocal patterns, deciphering communication codes, and exploring the impacts of environmental factors, researchers gain insights into the complex social dynamics and ecological significance of these morning concerts.

Such knowledge aids in conservation efforts, ensuring the preservation of habitats that support thriving bird populations and the continuation of this captivating phenomenon.

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Source: The Dawn Chorus | Bird Mating Season — RSPB

WTF Fun Fact 13375 – Alpha Brain Waves and Creativity

The relationship between alpha brain waves and creativity has long fascinated researchers and people seeking to tap into their creative potential. While findings are not yet conclusive, evidence suggests that alpha brainwaves may play a role in facilitating creative thinking and idea generation.

What’s the connection between alpha brain waves and creativity?

Brain waves are rhythmic patterns of neural activity that researchers measure with electroencephalography (EEG). Different brainwave frequencies seem to correspond to specific states of consciousness, such as alertness, relaxation, or deep sleep.

Alpha brain waves have a frequency range of 8 to 12 hertz. They are commonly observed when individuals are in a relaxed and calm, but wakeful, state. These brain waves are most prominent when the eyes are closed, during meditative states, or when relaxing. While the exact relationship between alpha brainwaves and creativity is still being explored, several studies have indicated a potential connection.

One theory suggests that alpha brain waves may facilitate creative thinking by promoting a state of relaxed attention and reducing external distractions. When individuals are in this relaxed state, they may be more open to making connections between seemingly unrelated ideas. This can foster divergent thinking—the ability to generate a wide range of novel ideas.

Creativity is complex

The exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between alpha brain waves and creativity remain unclear. So it’s important to approach these findings with caution. Creativity is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon that involves various cognitive processes, environmental factors, and individual differences.

The role of alpha brain waves, although intriguing, is just one piece of the puzzle. Moreover, it’s worth noting that creativity is not solely dependent on alpha brainwave activity. Research also suggests that theta and gamma brainwave frequencies play a role in creative thinking.

Additionally, factors such as domain expertise, knowledge, motivation, and environmental influences all contribute to the creative process. Despite the ongoing scientific exploration, some individuals have reported subjective experiences that align with the potential benefits of alpha brainwave activity on creativity.

Relaxing for creativity

Many artists, writers, and musicians claim to enter a “flow” state—an optimal state of consciousness characterized by effortless focus, heightened creativity, and a sense of being in the zone—when their minds are relaxed and receptive. While the research is still developing, there are practical strategies that individuals can explore to potentially harness the benefits of alpha brainwave activity.

Researchers associate practices such as meditation, mindfulness, and deep relaxation techniques with an increase in alpha waves and may create a conducive mental state for creative thinking. Additionally, creating an environment that minimizes distractions while promoting relaxation—such as quiet spaces, nature settings, or dedicated creative zones—may facilitate a relaxed state of mind and potentially enhance creative output.

— WTF fun facts

Source: “How brain waves enable creative thinking” — Medical News Today

WTF Fun Fact 13374 – The Basal Meristem

Have you ever wondered why most grass is able to stand straight up without flopping over until it’s very long? It’s because of something called the basal meristem.

Anatomy of grass – the basal meristem

Gras is much more than a simple ground cover. This seemingly humble plant boasts a remarkable adaptation that allows it to thrive even in the face of grazing and cutting. The basal meristem is grass’s unique way of growing from the base.

The basal meristem, located at the base of the grass plant, is a specialized tissue responsible for its continuous growth and regenerative capabilities. Many other plants rely on apical meristems at the tips of their shoots. But grasses have evolved to grow from the base, giving them an edge in challenging environments.

The benefits of a basal meristem

This adaptation is particularly beneficial in the context of grazing and cutting. When herbivores nibble on the aboveground parts of the grass, they remove the exposed leaves and stems. However, the basal meristem remains intact, allowing the plant to bounce back quickly. It is from this resilient meristem that new shoots emerge, ensuring the ongoing growth and survival of the grass.

The ability to regrow from the base makes grass an ideal choice for grazing pastures, where animals feed on the vegetation. The constant nibbling from herbivores triggers the basal meristem to produce new shoots, providing a continuous food source for livestock and wildlife.

Reasons to mow your lawn

Grass’s remarkable regenerative abilities are not limited to grazing situations. Lawn maintenance, such as mowing, also benefits from the basal meristem’s unique growth pattern. When a lawnmower cuts the visible blades of grass, the basal meristem remains untouched, ready to initiate the regrowth process. This allows lawns to maintain their vibrant appearance, quickly recovering from the trimming.

The frequency and height at which the lawn is mowed can indirectly affect the health and growth of grass. Regular mowing at the appropriate height promotes a healthier lawn by removing the top portion of the grass blades and stimulating lateral growth. This encourages the development of a denser and more resilient turf. Mowing also prevents the grass from becoming too tall and promotes the allocation of resources to the basal meristem, where new shoots originate.

However, it’s important to note that cutting the grass too short, known as scalping, can have negative effects on the basal meristem and overall grass health. Scalping can damage the meristem and hinder regrowth, leading to a weakened lawn.

Restoring grasslands

The basal meristem’s resilience also plays a crucial role in the restoration and management of grasslands. Whether it’s rehabilitating degraded landscapes or controlling invasive species, understanding the basal meristem’s mechanisms is essential. By cutting the aboveground parts of unwanted plants, resource managers can harness the regenerative power of the basal meristem to encourage the growth of desired grass species and promote ecosystem health.

In addition to its regrowth capabilities, the basal meristem contributes to the overall hardiness of grasses. This adaptation enables grass to endure and recover from environmental stresses such as drought, fire, and physical disturbances. The continuous growth from the base allows grasses to maintain their vigor, even when exposed to challenging conditions. This resilience makes them essential players in stabilizing soil, preventing erosion, and providing valuable habitat for numerous plant and animal species.

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Source: “Grass Biology” — Grasses of Palm Beach and Martin Counties